SCIENCEVOLUTION | Journal of Scientific and Interdisciplinary Research, is oriented to the generation of high quality scientific and review articles; which seek to contribute to social, economic and political development in society. Involving professionals from different universities and disciplines in scientific, theoretical and practical research so that they become agents of development, which propose real solutions to all kinds of problems.
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Haitian Migration to the Dominican Republic and Evangelical Pastoral Practices: A Theological and Interdisciplinary Reflection
Haitian migration to the Dominican Republic constitutes a structural phenomenon characterized by dynamics of social exclusion, vulnerability, and limited integration, which also challenge religious communities to critically examine their practices. This study aimed to understand how Dominican evangelical churches respond to the Haitian migrant presence, identifying the tensions embedded in their reception and inclusion practices from a theological and interdisciplinary perspective. Methodologically, an interpretive bibliographic review was conducted, drawing on 32 academic and documentary sources published between 2000 and 2025, retrieved from scientific databases and analyzed through thematic categories related to migration, hospitality, integration, and pastoral practices. Results indicate that evangelical churches function as spaces of community support, humanitarian assistance, and spiritual accompaniment; however, persistent tensions between ecclesial hospitality and assistentialist practices continue to constrain processes of full inclusion and meaningful community participation. It is concluded that Haitian migration represents not only a social challenge but also a theological provocation that demands the reconfiguration of pastoral practices toward more intercultural, relational, and inclusive models, grounded in the dignity and integral recognition of migrant persons.
Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Study of Teaching Methods to Promote Critical Thinking in Primary Education Students
In contemporary education, critical thinking is a key competency; however, due to the multiple theoretical and methodological approaches and the findings reported in the available literature, clarity regarding the effectiveness of the instructional strategies employed for its development remains limited. This systematic review aimed to analyze the instructional strategies used to foster critical thinking in primary education, identify their contribution to the development of specific skills, and recognize trends in their application across the analyzed studies. To this end, the PRISMA methodology was applied. The search was conducted in recognized academic databases, identifying 42 studies, of which 15 were selected through a screening process. The results showed that instructional strategies are characterized by promoting active student participation, meaningful learning, and problem-solving in real-world contexts, highlighting project-based learning, inquiry-based learning, collaborative learning, critical reading, and argumentation. It was concluded that these strategies foster the development of skills such as analysis, interpretation, argumentation, and decision-making. However, the multiplicity of methodological approaches, the predominance of non-experimental designs, and the limitations in the comparability of studies highlight the need for further research to strengthen the empirical base and guide pedagogical decision-making.
Challenges for School Leadership in Managing Quality Administrative and Pedagogical Processes in Santo Domingo Este, Republica Dominicana
School leadership constitutes a fundamental component for understanding the management of administrative and pedagogical processes within educational institutions. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the theoretical foundations of school leadership and its relationship with the management of administrative and pedagogical processes, through a documentary analysis of academic literature and institutional documents, with the purpose of proposing an ecosystemic model and a school leadership strengthening plan applicable to the context of the Dominican education system, particularly in the municipality of Santo Domingo Este. A qualitative approach with a hermeneutic, interpretative, and propositional orientation was employed. Documentary analysis of academic literature and institutional documents was conducted, including 33 documents selected through purposive sampling. Based on the theoretical perspectives and international experiences analyzed, an ecosystemic model for strengthening school leadership is proposed, consisting of five interrelated dimensions: instructional leadership, distributed leadership, educational governance, educational innovation, and the use of technology. Subsequently, a school leadership strengthening plan is presented to improve educational quality in Santo Domingo Este, comprising strategic actions, leadership competencies, monitoring indicators, and expected outcomes associated with each component of the model.
Standardization of Processes in Project Execution to Reduce Budgetary Costs in a Mining Construction Company
The increase in cost overruns in infrastructure projects constitutes a recurring issue worldwide, particularly during the planning and execution stages, affecting resource efficiency and decision-making. The variation between budgeted and actual costs was analyzed in road construction projects with and without standardized construction processes in a construction-mining company located in Cajamarca, Peru. The research adopted a quantitative approach with an explanatory scope and a quasi-experimental design (before–after with a non-equivalent group), incorporating descriptive and comparative analyses. The effects of standardization were evaluated through the analysis of cost variations and operational indicators before and after its implementation. The results demonstrated a reduction in cost variability and improvements in the project’s operational indicators, suggesting greater efficiency in planning and execution. Likewise, a decrease in rework and an optimization in resource utilization were identified. In conclusion, standardization improved cost control and operational performance in infrastructure projects, making it a tool with strong potential for efficient project management.
Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Adnexal Torsion in First-Trimester Pregnancy Managed by Laparotomy with Immediate Favorable Fetal Outcome: Case Report
The use of ultrasound during pregnancy has increased the detection of adnexal masses (with incidences ranging from less than 1% to 25% of pregnancies), of which 72% to 96% resolve spontaneously; only 1% to 3% of masses removed during pregnancy are malignant. One of the most significant complications is ovarian torsion associated with adnexal masses; up to 7% of cases occur in the first trimester and require urgent surgery. The laparoscopic approach is preferred due to its postoperative advantages; however, laparotomy remains a viable and safe option when minimally invasive surgery cannot be performed. This case illustrates the safety of open surgery in a patient with torsion of an adnexal mass during the first trimester of pregnancy at the General Hospital of Cancún “Dr. Jesús Kumate Rodríguez.”. A 21-year-old patient with a 10.6-week pregnancy presented with sudden, severe abdominal pain and signs of peritoneal irritation. Ultrasound revealed an adnexal mass measuring 130 × 93 × 122 mm (O-RADS 4). A laparotomy was performed, during which adnexal torsion was identified; a right salpingo-oophorectomy was carried out. Fetal heart rate was documented as normal 48 hours after surgery. It is concluded that, in the first trimester, laparotomy represents a viable alternative in cases of suspected adnexal torsion due to its low risk of pregnancy loss. However, although laparoscopy is the preferred approach, it is not available in all hospitals.
Relationship between Subnational Government Actions and Integrated Water Resources Management in the Ramis River Basin, Puno, Peru
Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) in the Ramis River basin faces challenges associated with environmental pressures and institutional constraints within subnational governments. The relationship between the actions of subnational governments and IWRM in the Ramis River basin, Puno, Peru, was evaluated. The research was conducted under a qualitative approach; the study was documentary and propositional in nature, based on the analysis of regulatory frameworks, institutional reports, and scientific literature, organized through analytical matrices and tables. The findings indicate that, although regulatory and environmental planning instruments exist, their implementation remains limited. Within the framework of the 2025 Annual Environmental Evaluation and Enforcement Plan, 106 environmental enforcement agencies complied with the submission of their plans, while 5 remained pending, with operational constraints identified, primarily associated with budgets generally below S/ 2,000. Additionally, water quality issues persist, linked to anthropogenic activities, particularly mining. It is concluded that IWRM in the basin is mainly conditioned by institutional fragmentation. Therefore, it is proposed to strengthen multilevel coordination, ensure the effective implementation of existing instruments, and promote independent monitoring of water resources to improve the sustainability of management.
Green Synthesis of Carbon Quantum Dots from Coffea Arabica Residue: Comparison Between Pyrolysis and Microwaves
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are fluorescent nanomaterials widely studied due to their low toxicity and remarkable optical properties, which enable their use in various applications. Agro-industrial residues, such as Coffea arabica waste, represent a sustainable carbon source for nanomaterial synthesis within circular economy strategies. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of two green synthesis routes, pyrolysis and microwave-assisted synthesis, on the structural and optical properties of CQDs obtained from spent coffee grounds. The precursor was pretreated for 24 hours and subsequently subjected to thermal pyrolysis at 400°C under controlled conditions, whereas the microwave-assisted method employed irradiation at 750 W and 200°C. The obtained samples were purified and characterized using photoluminescence spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. CQDs synthesized via pyrolysis exhibited a blue emissions (440–460 nm) with particle diameters between 10 and 12 nm, whereas the microwave method produced emissions around 345 nm with particle diameters ~8 nm. The results indicated that pyrolysis produces higher fluorescence intensity, highlighting its potential for optoelectronic applications.
Aesthetic Appreciation and Comprehension of Pre-Hispanic Myth in Childhood
Pre-Hispanic mythology represents an important component of Latin American cultural heritage and may serve as a resource for identity formation during childhood. The aim of this study was to analyze the comprehension and aesthetic appreciation of pre-Hispanic myths among primary school students in Mexico and Peru. A qualitative, cross-sectional exploratory–descriptive design was employed. Data were collected through a semi-structured questionnaire with open-ended questions designed to explore narrative comprehension, symbolic interpretation, and students’ interest in the texts. The study population consisted of 92 students selected through non-probabilistic convenience sampling. The results indicate that most students demonstrated basic or advanced levels of comprehension of the mythological texts and expressed a positive aesthetic response, reflected in their interest in learning about and sharing additional myths. Although differences in written expression across contexts were observed, these did not affect the overall pattern of positive reception. In conclusion, pre-Hispanic mythology contains narrative and symbolic elements that suggest its potential usefulness as an educational resource in primary education. Further research in diverse school contexts using different methodological approaches is recommended.
Relationship Between Suicidal Ideation and Clinical Dimensions of the MMPI-2-RF in First-Year University Students
Suicide has been recognized as a public health issue, especially among university students, a stage in which greater vulnerabilities arise due to academic, social, and personal situations. Within this context, the objective was to examine the relationship between suicidal ideation and the clinical dimensions assessed by the MMPI-2-RF in first-year Psychology students at a public university in southeastern Mexico. A quantitative approach with a cross-sectional and correlational design was used. Eighty students participated and completed the MMPI-2-RF. Pearson correlations were performed between the suicidal ideation scale (ISU) and various clinical dimensions, along with Student’s t-tests to explore variations by sex. The results showed positive and statistically significant correlations between ISU and variables such as demoralization, general distress, emotional dysfunction, helplessness, anxiety, decreased positive emotions, dysfunctional negative emotions, and self-doubt. Although men obtained slightly higher scores, no significant differences by sex were identified. It was concluded that the MMPI-2-RF made it possible to detect indicators associated with suicidal ideation and could support the development of preventive strategies and institutional interventions to promote mental health in university education.
Relationship between Soft Skills and the Perception of the Performance of the Occupational Health and Safety Management System
The research was conducted in a Peruvian human resources contracting company, with the objective of determining the relationship between soft skills and the occupational health and safety management system (OHSMS). An applied methodology was employed, with a quantitative approach and a non-experimental correlational design; the sample consisted of 225 collaborators selected through non-probabilistic convenience sampling. Instruments with content validity established through expert judgment and adequate reliability were used: the Soft Skills Questionnaire (Cronbach’s α = 0.843) and the OHSMS Questionnaire (Cronbach’s α = 0.819). The results evidenced a strong and statistically significant relationship between the dimensions of decision-making (ρ = 0.851), creative thinking (ρ = 0.783), teamwork (ρ = 0.831), problem-solving and conflict resolution (ρ = 0.774), and empathy (ρ = 0.787) with the OHSMS (p < 0.001 in all cases). Furthermore, a strong, positive, and significant overall correlation was found between the general level of soft skills development and the perceived performance of the OHSMS (ρ = 0.848, p < 0.001), which allows concluding that socio-emotional competencies are constitutive rather than complementary to preventive management in dynamic work environments.
Klebsiella Pneumoniae and Bacterial Resistance
The resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae has become a significant health problem. A literature review was conducted to synthesize the biological and clinical aspects of Klebsiella pneumoniae and its bacterial resistance. Information was searched in PubMed, SciELO, and Google Scholar, and a total of 43 bibliographic sources were examined. This bacterium significantly impacts the morbidity and mortality associated with pneumonia, urinary tract infections, and bacteremia/sepsis, among other conditions. The treatment of these diseases poses a serious therapeutic challenge due to the coexistence of resistance to several types of antibiotics, ranging from the spread of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing strains to the development of carbapenem-resistant strains. It manifests in both community and hospital settings. Bacterial resistance arises from virulence characteristics that allow for colonization, evasion of the immune response, and the emergence of infections that are difficult to control. This situation underscores the importance of genetic surveillance and the identification of transmission foci to guide control and prevention strategies. Therefore, bacterial resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae represents a fundamental challenge for public health.
Hermeneutic Phenomenology as a Method in Educational Research: Systematic Review of Fundamentals and Applications
Hermeneutic phenomenology enables an in-depth understanding of educational experience through lived meanings; however, limited methodological systematization hinders the formulation of robust conclusions regarding its consolidation as a method. Accordingly, this systematic review aimed to analyze the foundations underpinning the use of the hermeneutic phenomenological method in qualitative studies in the field of education, to identify the phases, techniques, and methodological procedures employed in its application, to describe its main practical uses in recent research, and to detect methodological gaps and challenges that may guide future studies. The PRISMA methodology was applied. The search conducted in Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO, and Google Scholar yielded a total of 50 articles; after the screening process, 16 studies were selected. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed using an adapted version of the CASP Qualitative Checklist. The findings confirm that hermeneutic phenomenology has been consolidated as a predominant and pertinent approach in qualitative educational research, as it allows for an understanding of the complexity of lived experience through the integration of description and interpretation; nevertheless, its application exhibits methodological heterogeneity and shortcomings in the explicit articulation of philosophical foundations, which limits the comparability and rigor of the studies.
Evaluation of a Psychopedagogical Program and Its Relationship with the Development of Socioemotional Skills and School Coexistence in Secondary Education
In the Dominican Republic, a significant participation of secondary school students in situations of school bullying has been reported, highlighting the need for educational interventions aligned with adolescents’ socioemotional development, given that this stage is characterized by a high prevalence of emotional disorders and school coexistence challenges. In this context, the objective of this study is to describe the levels of socioemotional skill development observed in students from the second cycle of secondary education at the Otilia Peláez Morning High School, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, following the implementation of an eight-week psychoeducational program. An integrative mixed-methods approach was employed, with a predominance of a descriptive quantitative component, complemented by an interpretive qualitative phase. The sample consisted of 128 students and 21 members of the educational staff. The instruments applied included the Emotional Intelligence Inventory (EQ-i:YV) and the Socioemotional Skills Questionnaire (CHSE), complemented by semi-structured interviews. Results showed that 88.3% of students were classified at medium and high levels on the CHSE, while 85.1% fell into moderately high or higher categories on the EQ-i:YV. Empathy reached the highest level (90.0%), whereas self-regulation showed the lowest level (82.7%), with no significant differences by sex or academic grade. Favorable levels of socioemotional development following the psychoeducational program were reported in a vulnerable context, with particular emphasis on interpersonal skills, while also revealing the need to strengthen emotional self-regulation in future interventions.
Environmental Indicators of Urban Green Areas in the City of Huancayo, Peru
Urban growth and the territorial expansion of intermediate cities have generated imbalances in the distribution and accessibility of urban green areas, affecting their environmental and social functionality. In Huancayo, these dynamics call for studies that allow for the characterization of the existing urban green infrastructure. Therefore, the objective of this research was to determine the indicators of urban green areas in the city of Huancayo, Peru. The study adopted a quantitative approach, with a non-experimental, cross-sectional, descriptive–spatial design. A Geographic Information System (GIS) was used to process official cadastral and demographic data, enabling the calculation of indicators of green area per capita, largest patch index, and spatial accessibility to urban green areas equal to or larger than 5,000 m². The results showed green area per capita values of 5.42 m²/inhabitant in the district of Huancayo, 3.35 m²/inhabitant in El Tambo, and 2.89 m²/inhabitant in Chilca. Fragmentation analysis revealed low values of the largest patch index, such as 8.48% in El Tambo and 7.92% in Huancayo, indicating a high degree of spatial fragmentation. Regarding accessibility, the average city-level index reached 61.1%, although 13.3% of the population was classified as being in a critical condition. It is concluded that the city of Huancayo exhibits deficits in the provision, distribution, and accessibility of urban green areas, with relevant territorial inequalities identified among districts, demonstrating the need to strengthen urban planning from a territorial perspective
Digital Innovations and Accident and Incident Control in Contractors
The research was conducted at a supervisory company in Lima in 2024, within a context of growing need to improve occupational safety management for contractors. Its objective was to determine the influence of Behavior-Based Safety (BBS) digital innovations on accident and incident control. A quantitative, pre-experimental, applied methodology was employed. The sample consisted of accident and incident indicators recorded before and after the intervention. Data collection instruments included a digital innovations observation form for BBS and an accident and incident observation form. The results showed that, prior to implementation, the average control level was 15.8; the severity index, 230.3; and the accident rate, 4.9, with 193.4 incidents and 33.8 non-disabling accidents per month. Following the implementation of Smart OSH software, significant reductions were achieved: −69% in frequency, −78% in accident rate, and −91% in serious incidents. Student's t-test confirmed the statistical significance (p<0.05), concluding that SBC's digital innovations had a positive and statistically significant influence on the control of contractor accident rates and incidents.
Early Diagnosis and Conservative Management of Acute Pancreatitis in the Third Trimester of Pregnancy: A Case Report
Acute pancreatitis in pregnancy (APIP) is a potentially serious medico-obstetric emergency; its diagnosis may be challenging due to the overlap of symptoms and physiological changes of pregnancy, which can delay timely treatment and increase risk. This report presents a clinical case of APIP managed at a secondary-level hospital, involving a 28-year-old patient at 33 weeks of gestation who presented with acute epigastric pain, nausea, and vomiting. Clinical evaluation included physical examination, laboratory testing, and abdominal ultrasonography. Laboratory findings demonstrated elevated pancreatic enzyme levels and hypertriglyceridemia, while ultrasonography revealed biliary sludge without evidence of gallstones. The diagnosis was mild acute biliary pancreatitis, and conservative management was initiated, consisting of intravenous hydration, analgesia, pancreatic rest, and continuous multidisciplinary maternal–fetal monitoring. Progressive clinical and biochemical improvement was achieved, leading to hospital discharge. Consequently, the pregnancy progressed to term, with elective cesarean delivery and delayed postpartum cholecystectomy. These findings underscore that a systematic diagnostic approach and timely conservative management of mild acute pancreatitis support expectant treatment and delayed surgical intervention in stable patients during the third trimester of pregnancy. Therefore, APIP requires prompt recognition and multidisciplinary care, as conservative management is safe and effective only when close monitoring and planned postpartum surgical resolution are ensured.
Severe Pulmonary Hypertension in Pregnancy Associated with Unespecific Congenital Heart Disease: Case Report
Pulmonary hypertension during pregnancy, particularly when associated with congenital heart disease, carries a high risk of maternal–fetal morbidity and mortality. Its management requires early referral to specialized centers, which remains challenging in settings where sociocultural factors influence clinical decision-making. The case presented involved a 40-year-old primigravida with previously uninvestigated cyanotic congenital heart disease. During the second trimester, she declined pregnancy termination and referral to a tertiary care center due to religious convictions. At 34.1 weeks of gestation, she was admitted in labor with severe cardiorespiratory decompensation, requiring an emergency cesarean section. She subsequently progressed to refractory right-sided heart failure and died 36 hours postpartum. The preterm newborn had a favorable clinical course. This fatal case underscores the extreme risk of pulmonary hypertension in pregnancy in the context of non-protocolized congenital heart disease and highlights the critical need for preconception counseling, early detection, timely referral, and a shared decision-making process that, while respecting patient values, prioritizes maternal–fetal safety through expert multidisciplinary management.
Profile and Competencies of School Leadership in Latin America and the Dominican Republic
School leadership has become established as a key factor for improving educational quality and strengthening institutional capacity in contemporary school systems. The aim of this article was to analyze recent literature on the profile and competencies of school principals, identifying the predominant theoretical approaches, emerging competencies, and the main research gaps during the period 2016–2025. The study was conducted through a bibliographic review of 31 sources published in high-impact databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO, Redalyc, and Dialnet, based on previously defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The development and discussion converge in conceptualizing the principal as a comprehensive leader, whose profile integrates pedagogical, administrative, socio-emotional, ethical, and progressively digital competencies, grounded in approaches such as instructional, transformational, and distributed leadership. However, tensions are identified between administrative demands and pedagogical leadership, as well as conceptual fragmentation and a predominant normative orientation over empirical studies. In conclusion, the need is emphasized to move toward integrative models of school leadership that coherently guide the training, evaluation, and professional development of principals, as well as to strengthen contextualized empirical research that allows for a better understanding of their real impact on educational outcomes.
Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Left Basal Pneumonia Diagnosed by Clinicoradiological Correlation in a Presentation of Abdominal Pain: Case Report
The case of a previously healthy 34-year-old Costa Rican man is described, who presented with acute abdominal pain in the left flank, accompanied by fever and diaphoresis, without evident respiratory manifestations, which initially led to a diagnostic orientation toward an abdominal etiology. However, comprehensive clinical evaluation identified decreased breath sounds in the left hemithorax, while laboratory studies revealed leukocytosis with neutrophilia and chest radiography showed a left pleural effusion, subsequently confirmed and characterized by computed tomography. Clinico-radiological correlation was key to establishing the diagnosis of left basal pneumonia. Broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy was initially administered; however, due to an unfavorable clinical course, pulmonary decortication was performed, after which the patient showed progressive improvement until medical discharge. In this case, the timely identification of the underlying pulmonary etiology highlights the importance of correlating clinical history with physical examination to recognize atypical presentations of pneumonia and prevent diagnostic delays.
Impacto de los Factores Psicoemocionales en el Control y Adherencia Terapéutica en Pacientes con Hipertensión Arterial en la Red de Salud de Jicarito, Honduras: Un Estudio Analítico Transversal
Arterial hypertension (HTA) is a relevant public health problem whose control is influenced by psychoemotional and behavioral factors. The objective of the study was to evaluate the influence of anxiety, depression, and stress on therapeutic adherence and blood pressure control in hypertensive patients from the Jicarito Health Network in Honduras. A quantitative, observational, cross-sectional study was conducted with 68 adult patients recently diagnosed with hypertension, using the DASS-21 scale and the Therapeutic Behavior: Illness or Injury questionnaire. The analysis included descriptive statistics and bivariate tests. The results showed that 48.5% presented anxiety, 38.2% depression, and 20.6% stress, with higher levels of adherence and blood pressure control observed in patients without psychoemotional disturbances, while moderate and severe levels were significantly associated with low adherence and d. It is concluded that anxiety, depression, and stress constitute important determinants of hypertensive control, highlighting the need to integrate mental health assessment and care at the primary care level.
Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Relationship between Digital Technology Addiction and Academic Performance among Sanitary Engineering Students at a Public University in Cajamarca, Peru
The widespread use of digital technologies among university students and the importance of ensuring quality education motivated this study, which aimed to determine the relationship between digital technology addiction and academic performance in Sanitary Engineering students at a public university in Cajamarca, Peru. A quantitative study was conducted using a non-experimental, cross-sectional correlational and applied design, with a sample of 110 students selected through simple random sampling (5% margin of error, 95% confidence level). Validated instruments were employed, including a technological addiction questionnaire (excellent reliability, α = 0.93) and academic records from Mathematics courses. Pearson’s chi-square analyses showed that while internet addiction did not exhibit a significant association with academic performance (χ² = 6.870, p = 0.143), addiction to social media (χ² = 13.354, p < 0.05), video games (χ² = 11.235, p < 0.05), and mobile phones (χ² = 14.246, p < 0.05) were negatively and significantly associated with lower academic performance. These findings highlight the need to design differentiated interventions aimed at regulating the use of specific digital technologies within the Peruvian university context.
Influence of Meteorological Factors on the Onset of Diseases in Older Adults: A Systematic Review
Aging is a stage in which health weakens due to multiple factors, including climatic and meteorological ones. The objective of this study was to examine and synthesize the available scientific evidence on the influence of meteorological factors on the development of diseases and clinical conditions in older adults. A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA methodology. The search was performed in Google Scholar, SciELO, and PubMed, including studies published between 2021 and 2025 in Spanish and English. The PICO approach was applied to define eligibility criteria. Observational, cohort, longitudinal, and cross-sectional studies that assessed the relationship between meteorological factors and health conditions in people aged 60 years or older were included. Methodological quality was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). Nine studies were included, most of them conducted in Asia. Temperature was the most studied factor, followed by humidity, precipitation, wind speed, and atmospheric pressure. Extreme weather conditions were associated with a higher risk of cognitive decline, dementia, cardiovascular diseases, cataracts, osteoarticular pain, and falls. The evidence showed that extreme heat and cold, as well as low humidity and adverse environmental conditions, increase the vulnerability of older adults. Meteorological factors significantly influence the physical and cognitive health of older adults. Integrating these variables into clinical practice and public health policies is essential to prevent complications, reduce morbidity, and promote healthy aging.
Study of Artificial Intelligence in Business Strategies: Automation of Sales Processes, Benefits, Challenges, and Trends
Artificial intelligence has been established as a technology that transforms business strategies by optimizing sales processes through automation, predictive models, and advanced personalization. Although multiple studies exist, there is still insufficient evidence to draw firm conclusions about its overall impact on organizations. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to examine the incorporation of artificial intelligence into business strategies for sales process automation, identifying its trends, benefits, and challenges in order to provide a solid foundation for future research. The search conducted in Scopus, Web of Science (WoS), ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, IEEE Xplore, and Google Scholar yielded a total of 120 articles; after the screening process, 10 studies were selected. The methodological quality of the included articles was assessed using an adaptation of the NOS scale. The findings indicated that AI increases predictive accuracy, enhances customer management, and enables hyper-personalization and operational efficiency. They also revealed challenges such as data quality issues, cultural resistance, talent shortages, and ethical risks. It was concluded that AI is an effective tool for optimizing commercial processes; however, further research is needed to strengthen the evidence regarding its effectiveness and sustainability.
Evaluation and Accreditation of Law Education Programs in Mexico: Emerging Challenges in the Context of the 2024–2025 Judicial Reform
The 2024 Judicial Reform in Mexico replaced merit-based entry with the popular election of judges and magistrates, abolished the Federal Judicial Council, and created new administrative and disciplinary bodies. Its implementation in 2025 redefined judicial competencies and strained traditional professionalization frameworks. Therefore, the objective of this literature review was to analyze the role and adaptation of the main evaluative and accrediting agencies in response to the 2024-2025 Judicial Reform in Mexico, identifying the opportunities and risks they pose both for professionalization and for the quality and relevance of legal education in public and private universities. A hermeneutic analysis of 31 sources from Dialnet, SciELO, Google Scholar, among others, from 2015-2025 in Spanish and English was conducted. It was identified that the accrediting agencies (COPAES, CIEES, and CONAED) possess evaluation frameworks that require updating and contextualization to the 2024 Judicial Reform. Due to the absence of official positions and adjustments by these agencies, emerging indicators were proposed to strengthen the accreditation of legal programs, focused on change governance, situated practical training, and academic independence, without replacing traditional technical standards.
Teacher Perceptions on Mathematical Problem Solving in Educational District 10-06, Dominican Republic
The study analyzes the perceptions of 122 secondary-level mathematics teachers from Educational District 10-06, Dominican Republic regarding the use of problem-solving as a pedagogical strategy. Through a descriptive quantitative design and a validated questionnaire, a high frequency of application of this methodology was identified: approximately 80% of teachers use real-world problems frequently or permanently, and over 95% consider this strategy essential in their teaching practice. The participants positively value its impact on conceptual understanding, critical thinking, and student motivation, in alignment with the constructivist approach and the frameworks of Pólya and Schoenfeld. However, barriers persist that hinder its full implementation. Among the main limitations are the lack of institutional time, the scarcity of contextualized teaching resources, and insufficient technical support from the educational system. Likewise, although most teachers feel prepared, specific training in problem-solving remains limited and uneven. Qualitative analysis revealed successful experiences associated with reasoning, motivation, and contextualization, as well as a strong willingness among teachers to continue their professional development. The study concludes that improving this practice requires supportive policies, adequate resources, and ongoing training.
Correlational Study of Influencer Marketing and Brand Loyalty Toward a Beauty Brand Among Young Female Consumers in Machala, Ecuador
Influencer content on YouTube constitutes a strategic digital marketing resource. This study analyzed the impact of influencer content on brand loyalty toward L’Oréal among centennial women (19–24 years old) in Machala, Ecuador. A quantitative approach was employed, with a non‑experimental design and correlational scope. An intentional non‑probability sample of 384 participants was used (CI = 95%; ME = 5%). A survey was applied, and for the statistical analysis, a PLS‑SEM model was used, which showed adequate internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.877–0.934; CR = 0.886–0.950) and convergent validity (AVE = 0.671–0.792). The findings demonstrated that the content influenced perceived exposure (β = 0.766), strengthening credibility (β = 0.804), trust (β = 0.536), and purchase intention (β = 0.379). Credibility impacted trust (β = 0.202), and purchase intention showed a direct effect on loyalty (β = 0.815). The model explained 63.9% of the variability in loyalty (R² = 0.639). It was concluded that influencer content reinforced brand loyalty by contributing exposure, credibility, trust, and purchase intention.
Advances in Neuroimaging Techniques for the Diagnosis of Headaches
Headaches are among the most common and disabling neurological disorders worldwide, posing ongoing challenges for differential diagnosis. Therefore, this review aimed to analyze the significant advances in neuroimaging techniques and their impact on headache diagnosis. A narrative literature review was conducted, drawing on 42 scientific articles published between 2015 and 2025 in indexed databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect. The hermeneutic method was applied to examine structural and functional techniques. The findings indicate that multimodal integration and artificial intelligence have enhanced diagnostic accuracy by enabling the identification of biomarkers, the differentiation of complex etiologies, and a deeper understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of pain, surpassing the limitations of conventional imaging. However, constraints related to protocol standardization and access to advanced technologies were identified. It is concluded that advanced neuroimaging techniques are essential tools for differential diagnosis and for the transition toward personalized medicine, provided their use is guided by clinical red flags and rigorous ethical considerations.
CEO Education and Firm Performance: Relationship between Academic Background and Corporate Outcomes
The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between CEOs’ educational characteristics and the performance of companies included in an international ranking published in 2024. A cross-sectional and observational design was employed, with no manipulation of variables and based on secondary data. The population consisted of the 500 CEOs in the ranking, and the sample included only those cases with complete information regarding their educational background. The database was structured with performance variables (overall score, employee satisfaction, and sustainability), educational characteristics (type of university, educational level, and educational diversity), and sociodemographic controls (age, gender, and country of headquarters). The analysis included descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, Pearson and Spearman correlations, and multiple regression models. The results showed that none of the educational characteristics were significantly associated with the overall score (p = 0.594; ANOVA p = 0.117) nor with the other metrics (r between 0.02 and 0.07; p > 0.05). A marked gender gap (91.8% men) and geographic concentration in the United States (39.8%) were observed. It is concluded that CEOs’ educational backgrounds do not predict performance in elite global firms, suggesting the relevance of considering other contextual and executive experience factors.
Technological Innovations and Pedagogical Implications of Artificial Intelligence in Education: A Review of Medina-Romero & Ochoa-Figueroa´s, 2025 Book
This text is presented as a review of the book “Inteligencia Artificial en Educación: Innovaciones y su Impacto Pedagógico" by Medina-Romero & Ochoa-Figueroa. The work was published in the year 2025, following an academic review process by the Know Press editorial committee and a blind peer review. This book contains a total of 197 pages, its ISBN is 978-9942-7389-0-5, and its DOI is https://doi.org/10.70180/978-9942-7389-0-5
Analysis of Methodological Approaches and Theoretical Constructs on Urban and Riverine Edges: A Systematic Review and Meta-Synthesis
The literature on urban and riparian edges addresses the physical, social, historical, political, and technological components that shape these spaces in a fragmented manner, which has hindered an integrated understanding of their dynamics and tensions. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to identify the analytical dimensions employed in scientific research, recognize the cross-cutting tensions that structure these territories, and propose integrative theoretical constructs to guide future studies. The PRISMA 2020 methodology was applied, and a meta-synthesis was conducted. The search in SCOPUS, Web of Science, and SciELO retrieved 92 studies published between 2015 and 2025; after the screening and evaluation process using MMAT, 10 medium- and high-quality articles were selected. The results showed a predominance of socio-cultural and historical-temporal analyses, while the technological and economic-political dimensions appeared less frequently. Three central tensions were identified: conservation-development, inclusion-exclusion, and access-restriction, which transversally affected all dimensions. The meta-synthesis allowed for the synthesis of the evidence into five theoretical constructs (biophysical substrate, socio-symbolic fabric, temporal stratification, arena of governance and interest, and technical mediation system) that, when articulated, formed a multidimensional systemic model of riparian edges. In conclusion, the review revealed the absence of integrative frameworks and the need for transdisciplinary approaches that overcome partial analyses. The study recommended strengthening comparative research, incorporating monitoring technologies, and deepening studies on governance and spatial justice to guide more inclusive and sustainable public policies and urban projects.